rustBuildCrate: properly handle cargo env pragmas with spaces

There are two problems: first that we end up splitting on spaces in the
loop. Even when that is fixed, we still would split on spaces in the
`export` inside the loop. We need to guard against both.

Fixes #199298

Confirmed that it fixes the case mentioned in the ticket:

```console
[nix-develop]$ $(nix-build -I nixpkgs=/home/shana/programming/nixpkgs Cargo.nix -A rootCrate.build  --no-out-link)/bin/nix-rustc-env-escape-repro
Expecting three words, got: first second third
```

I think this is going to cause a rebuild of every Rust package even if
they were unaffected, not much we can do here.

1 files changed, 13 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/pkgs/build-support/rust/build-rust-crate/configure-crate.nix b/pkgs/build-support/rust/build-rust-crate/configure-crate.nix
index 5129777c9d51e..473a91f9ce07e 100644
--- a/pkgs/build-support/rust/build-rust-crate/configure-crate.nix
+++ b/pkgs/build-support/rust/build-rust-crate/configure-crate.nix
@@ -189,9 +189,21 @@ in ''
      EXTRA_LINK=$(sed -n "s/^cargo:rustc-link-lib=\(.*\)/\1/p" target/build/${crateName}.opt | tr '\n' ' ')
      EXTRA_LINK_SEARCH=$(sed -n "s/^cargo:rustc-link-search=\(.*\)/\1/p" target/build/${crateName}.opt | tr '\n' ' ' | sort -u)
 
+     # We want to read part of every line that has cargo:rustc-env= prefix and
+     # export it as environment variables. This turns out tricky if the lines
+     # have spaces: we can't wrap the command in double quotes as that captures
+     # all the lines in single output. We can't use while read loop because
+     # exporting from inside of it doesn't make it to the outside scope. We
+     # can't use xargs as export is a built-in and does not work from it. As a
+     # last resort then, we change the IFS so that the for loop does not split
+     # on spaces and reset it after we are done. See ticket #199298.
+     #
+     _OLDIFS="$IFS"
+     IFS=$'\n'
      for env in $(sed -n "s/^cargo:rustc-env=\(.*\)/\1/p" target/build/${crateName}.opt); do
-       export $env
+       export "$env"
      done
+     IFS="$_OLDIFS"
 
      CRATENAME=$(echo ${crateName} | sed -e "s/\(.*\)-sys$/\U\1/" -e "s/-/_/g")
      grep -P "^cargo:(?!(rustc-|warning=|rerun-if-changed=|rerun-if-env-changed))" target/build/${crateName}.opt \